wolke



3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. WOLKE.

{No Model.)

WINDMILL.

No. 414,468. Patented Nov. 5, 1889.

me Model.)

3 sheets-sheen 2. J. WOLKE. WINDMILL No. 414,468. Patented Nov. 5, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT `Erice,

JOHN WOLKE, OF JACKSONVILLE,A ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR'OF ONE-FIFTH TO DANIEL E. PIERSON, OF SAME PLACE.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 414,468, dated November 5, 1889.

Application filed May 19, 1888. Serial No. 274,395. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN WVOLKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Jacksonville, in the county of Morgan and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Windmills; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to windmills for operating pumps or other machinery, and generally to the class in which the wind-wheels are made in sections, each section being hung on pivots and provided with means for tilting it, so as to stand at different angles to the direction of the wind; and it relates more especially to improvements in the construction of this particular kind of windmills, in which the moment the wheel begins to revolve the sections will be automatically tilted out of the wind, or at a right angle to the face of the wheel, by centrifugal force, in which curved rods and spring-rods attached to a spider or hub, which is concentric with the windwheel and revolves therewith, but independently thereof, will serve to force said sections back into the wind, or parallel to the face of said wheel, and in which a brake-clamp will retard said spider or hub, so as to cause said wheel to revolve slightly ahead of the same, and thus bend or force the springrods so that they will tilt the sections out of the wind, or at right angles to theI face of the wheel; and it consists in the improved construction and arrangement or combination of parts hereinafter fully disclosed in the description, drawings, and claims.

The objects of my invention are, first, to provide a windmill in which the construction and arrangement of the parts are such that it will automatically regulate or govern itself without the use of weights, expensive regulators, or other complicated mechanism; second, to provide a Windmill in which the force is applied directly where it is needed Without the interposition of a large number of joints, rods, sliding collars, te.; third, to provide a wind-wheel in which its sections or tumbling-bars and vanes may be tilted out of the wind by the centrifugal force, due to the revolution of said wheel, against the action or resistance of pairs of spring-steel rods attached to the ends of the tumblingbars of said sections; fourth, to connect said spring-steel rods and the curved rods to which they are attached to the ends of the tumbling-bars; iifth, to provide improved devices for adjusting the tension of said springrods; sixth, to provide a spring-actuated brake-clamp which applies friction to the disk by which the mechanism for operating the wheel-sections is controlled, which permits said disk to slip slightly therein, if necessary, withoutl any sudden jar or injury to the mill, but which is applied to said disk with its full force, and instantly throws the wheel-sections out of the wind, said sections being rather thrown out of the wind before the brake is applied than otherwise; seventh, to provide a disk on the tubular shaft of the wind-wheel with studs or lugs, and also the section-operating disk with segmental slots for said studs or lugs and for permitting limited play between said disks, and, eighth, to provide a stop-bolt or dog and a trigger, or trip for supporting said stop-bolt or dog, which applies the brake, and a weighted lever for raising said stop-boltY or dog.

I accomplish the above objects by the mechanism shown in the accompanying drawings, lforming a part of this specification, in which the same reference-numerals indicate the same parts, and in which- Figure l represents a vertical longitudinal section of the upper portion of my improved windmill, the section being taken through the tubular shaft of the wind-wheel; Fig. 2, an endl view of the casting or upright frame which contains the stop-bolt or dog and covers and protects the brake-clamp and the metallic disk wit-hin the same, the face-plate, which carries the wrist-pin for the pump rod or pitman, being removed; Fig. 3, a detail view` of the two-part brake-clamp; Fig. 4, a perspective view of the trigger or trip; Fig. 5, a face or front view of the wind-wheel with the vanes omitted from some of the sections, the other vanes showing said wheel as set in the wind, or fin position to be revolved; Fig. 6, a

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'arms 8 secured thereto.

similar view of said wind-wheel with the vanes omitted from some of its sections, and showing said wheel as out of the Wind, or with its vanes tilted at a right angle to its face.

In the drawings, the numeral 1 indicates the circular cap-piece at. the upper end of the pedestal 1', upon which the turn-table 2 is placed with interposed anti-friction rollers This turn-table is provided with a laterallyprojecting horizontal bearing 4 for the tubular shaft 5, and With the projecting diametrically-opposite socket 6, for the steering-vane or rudder, all of which parts may be of the usual or any preferred construction.

The hub or spider* 7 of the Wind-Wheel 7 is keyed or otherwise secured upon the outer portion of the tubular shaft 5,and has radial Boxes or clamps 9, having each two perforated ears 10, are secured upon the outer ends of said arms, and round -`rods 11 are secured at their nut-ted ends in said ears and connect the outer ends of each pair of said arms. ,The tumblingbars 12, in the edges of which the vanes 13 are inserted in the usual manner, are provided upon their ends with the boxes or caps 14, which are formed with perforated ears 15, Which are located at the inner edges of said tumbling-bars. The tumbling-bars are pivoted upon the round rods 11, which connect the outer ends of the arms. As said ears 15 project outward from the boxes or caps 14 upon the tumbling-bars'when the latter and the vanes are in the wind, it will be obvious that by hanging the wheel-sections in this manner, said sections being made up of said tumbling-bars and vanes, the tendency of the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the Wheel, Will be to throw outward the inner ends of said vanes When the Wind-wheel is revolved faster than its proper speed, and thus present less surface to the force of the wind and maintain a nearly-uniform rate of speed.

A shaft 16 is journaled Within the shaft 5, and has secured at its outer end a hub or spider 17, formed with radiating arms '17', which correspond in number to and normally register with the arms 8 of the Wind-Wheel. Rods 18, which are slightly curved at their inner portions, are secured with their inner ends to the ends of the arms 17 of said hub or spider 17, and are provided at their outer ends with sleeves or clamps 19, which are pro vided Wit-h set-screws 20, which secure them upon said rods, and at the same time adjustably Vsecure the inner ends of two spring'- steel rods 21 within said sleeves and against said rods. The outer ends of these springsteel rods are pivotally secured to the open lugs 2l upon the sides of the boxes or caps 14 of the tumbling-bars upon the sides of the boxes or caps which face inward when the tumbling-bars and vanes are tilted into the wind, or parallel to the face of the wind-wheel.

These sliding rods of course have a tendencyl to contract or draw toward each other when spreadapart or against their tension. Also, it'- will be observed on reference to' Figs. 5 and 6 of the dravvings'that said spring-rods will be spread apart When the vanes are tilted out of the Wind; that the resistance or tendency of said spring-rods to draw together will tilt the vanes parallel to the face of the Wheel or into the wind when the force of the latter upon said vanes decreases; that Whenever the tumblingbars and vanes are tilted by centrifugallforce out of the Wind, or at right angles to the face of the wind-Wheel, the spring-rods will return them into the Wind, or into position parallel with the face of the wheel, Whenever the pressure of the wind decreases.

As the solid shaft 16 is journaled to revolve with the tubular shaft 5, but independently thereof, whenever the bars and vanes .or Wheel-sections are tilted the spider or hub 17 upon the end of said solid shaft will ,be turned by the rods 18 moving its arms 17 slightly out of register or alignment with the Wheel-arm 8. The tension of the spring-steel rods 21 is adjustable by moving the clamping-sleeves 19 in or out over their inner ends and over the rods 18, and by securing said sleeves in their adjusted positions by the set-screws 2Q. By means of these devices suitable adjustments can be made for the force of the wind and velocity of rotation of the wheel required to tilt the Wheel-sections; also, the wheel-'sections are prevented from being thrown out too easily by said spring-steel rods.

A disk 22 is secured upon the inner end of the tubular shaft 5, and isprovided with lugs or studs 23 upon its face. To the outer ends of these lugs is bolted the face-plate or disk 24, which is secured in a plane parallel to said disk 22 and provided with a wrist-pin 25, to which is attached a pitman or pump rod 26.

A flanged disk 27 is secured upon the inner end of the inner shaft 16, is located between the disk 22 and face-plate 24, and is provided with lsegmental slots 28, within lwhich the studs or lugs 23 project and are adapted to be moved from one Vend of said slots to the other, whereby said disks 22 and 27 are permitted to revolve for a short distance independent.

of 'each other; but when revolved together -they move at the same speed and are simul- IOO IIO

taneously rotated by thewind-wheel 7 and the hub or spider 17. A brake-clamp 29, which is composed of two semicircular bands 30, provided at their ends with loutwardlyprojecting longitudinally-slotted casings 3l and lugs 32, the latter being adaptedv to 'fit and slide within said slotted casings, is placed around the disk 27. Coiled springs 3.3 are located'within said slotted casings between said lugs and set-screws 34, the latter passing through the ends of said casings and serving to yieldingl y clamp said` brake around the rim of said disk 2 7. The clamping force of this brake may be adjusted by the set-screws 34, which serve to regulatethe tension of the springs 33.

An upright lcasting or frame 35, which is -bolted to the turn-table and suitably braced,

serves to cover and protect the brake-clamp 29 and the dis 27, and is formed with a vertically-cored upright bearing 36, in which a stop-bolt or dog 37 is adapted to be moved. An arm 38 projects forward from the upper end of said bearing. In the lower end of this arm is fulcrumed a lever 39, the forward arm of which is provided with an adjustable weight a0, and its rear arm projects through and is adapted to be moved' up and down within vertically-aligned slots '4l and 42, formed, respectively, in the upright bearing 236 and in the stop-bolt or dog 37. A cord or wire 43 is attached to the rear end of said lever, and passes down through the windmill frame or pedestal, being connected at its lower end to a bucket arranged Within the reservoir, (from which the water is pumped when the mill is employed for pumping purposes) the operation being such that said cord or wire will be automatically pulled downward by the Weight of the bucket and its contents when the pump and mill are required to be stopped; or said oord or wire can be operated by other regulating devices or by hand.`

A trigger otrip a4, which is provided with a forwardly projecting Weighted arm 45, which passes through a slot 46 in the upright bearing 3G, with a beveled catch or lip 47 and witha rearwardly-projeoting arm 48, is pivoted upon the rear side of the upright casing or frame, and engages by its catch or lip 47 witha beveled notch 49 in the verticallymovable bolt or dog 37 when the latter is in its raised position in the bearing. On reference to the drawings it will be observed that the Weight upon the lever 39 will hold said lever normally tilted forward, that the rear arm of said lever will raise the verticallymovable stop-bolt or dog 37, and that the latter will be held in its raised position by the catch or lip 47. W'hen the rear arm of said lever is'drawn or-pnlled down by the cord or wire 45, it will strike the rear arm 48 of the trigger or trip 44, tilt the same, and release the stop-bolt or dog 37, which will then drop down with its end against the periphery of the brake-clamp 29. As this brakeclamp normally revolves with the disks 22 and 27 upon the tubular shaft 5 and inner shaft 16 it will be stopped when the end of one of its projecting Acasings 3l strikes the lower end of said bolt and stops the revolution of the inner disk 27, which it encircles and clamps; but as the slots 28 in said disk are elongated they will permit the lugs 23 on the disk 22 of the tubular shaft to move on to the ends of said slots and revolve the disk 27 a short distance farther.

hub or spider 7 of the wind-wheel will thus be turned so as to bring its arms 8 slightly out of register or alignment with the arms 17 of the section-operating hub or spider 17 upon the inner shaft 16, causing the rods 18, which are secured to said hub or spider, to be pushed outward and the wheel-sections or tumbling- The' bars land vanes to be tilted out of the wind, or atright angles to the face of the wind-wheel, as before described. The disk 22 upon the inner end of the tubular shaft 5 will be stopped when the studs or lugs 23 upon the face of the same strike the ends of the segmental slots 28 in the disk 27, which is then held by the brake-clamp 29 and stop-bolt or dog 37, when the wind-wheel will thus be stopped, with its sections out of the wind. lf the speed or momentum of the wheel be too great to be immediately stopped, the disk 27 upon the inner end of the inner shaft 1G will slide a little Within the brake-clamp, and thus there will be no sudden jarring of the Working parts of the mill in stopping the same; but

ordinarily the brake will be applied and the and before the Wind-wheel is fully stopped by t-he studs 23 upon the disk 22 of the tubular shaft coming in contact with the ends of the slots 28 in said disk 27. fectly and quickly effected, stopping the mill at once, as the brake clamp only permits about one-seventh of a revolution of the wind-Wheel before it throws its sections out This action is per- IOC ofthe wind and prevents them from tilting back and forth and 'straining the mill. ltwill also be observed that. by having the springrods 2l, which are attached near the ends of the section-operating rods 18, secured at both ends of the tumbling-bars, said tumbling-bars and the sections of which they form parts can stillV be operated, even if one of the operating-rods or one or both of the spring-rods should break or fail to work, which would not be possible with ordinary wind-wheels, in

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which said operating-rods are attached to the centers of said tumbling-bars.

Having thus fully described the construction and arrangement or combination of the several parts of my windmill and the operation and advantages of the same, what l claim as new isl. In a windmill, the combination of a wind-Wheel provided with radial arms, and tumbling-bars provided with vanes and pivoted at their ends-between the ends of said radial arms, with a hub or spider arranged adjacent to said windwheel and provided With radial rods, and spring-rods attached at their inner ends to each of said rods and at their outer ends to the ends of said tumblingbars, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a windmill, the combination of a wind-Wheel provided with radial arms, and tumbling-bars provided with vanos and piv- Oted at their ends between the ends of said radial arms, with a hub or spider arrangedv vided with the vanes and pivoted at their ends between the ends of said radial arms, of a hub or spider arranged concentrically with the hub or spider of said wind-wheel and adapted to be slightly revolved independently thereof and provided with curved radial rods, and spring-rods adjustably secured at their inner ends to the end of each of said rods and pivotally connected at their outer ends to the ends of said tumbling-bars, substantially as described.

4. In a windmill, the combination of the wind-Wheel 7', provided With the radial arms 8, having boXes or clamps 9 formed with apertured ears 10, the round rods 11, and the tumbling-bars 12, having the vanes 13 and provided at their ends with boxes or caps 14, formed with ears 15, and open lugs 21', with the hub or spider 17, the rods 18, and the spring-rods 21, substantially as described.

5. In a windmill, the combination, with the Wind-wheel 7', provided with the hub or spider 7, the arms 8, and the tumbling-bars 12, provided with the varies 13, and pivoted at their ends between said arms,of a hub or spider 17, arranged concentrically with said hub 7 and adapted to be slightly turned independently of the same and provided with the rods 18, secured at their inner ends to the arms thereof, the clamping-sleeves 19, the set-screws 20, and the spring-rods 21, adjustably secured in said clamping-sleeves and pivoted at their outer ends to the ends of said tumbling-bars, substantially as described.

G. The combination of a wind-wheel provided with tilting sections, a tubular shaft, an inner shaft, disks upon the inner ends of said shafts, a two-part brake-clamp surrounding one of said disks, and devices, substantially as described, for operating the saine, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a wind-wheel provided with tilting sections, a tubular shaft upon which said wheel is secured, a hub orI lformed with segmental slots, in which said studs or lugs are adapted to slide, a brakeclamp movably secured around the last-named disk and provided with projections upon its periphery, a stop-bolt or dog, and devices, substantially as described, for bringing the same into contact With and removing it from the periphery of said brakeclamp, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with a wind-wheel pro-` vided with tilting sections, a tubular shaft upon which said wheel is secured, a hub or spider provided with devices, substantially as described, for tilting said sections, and a shaft journaled Within said tubular shaft and having said hub or spider secured to its outer end, of a disk secured upon the inner end of said tubular shaft and .provided with studs or lugs upon its face, and a disk secured upon the inner end of said inner shaft and formed with segmental slots for the passage or play of said studs or lugs, and a brake` clamp fitted around the last-named disk and formed in two parts, havinglugs, casings, and springs, a stop-bolt or dog, and devices, substantially as described, for bringing the same into contact with and removing it from the periphery of said brake-clamp, substantially as described.

10. The combination of the wind-wheel 7, provided with the tilting sections, the tubular shaft 5, upon which said wheel is secured, the inner shaft 16, journaled in said tubular shaft,1the hub 17, provided with the sectionoperating rods 18, the spring-rods 21, the disk 22, secured upon the inner end of said tubular shaft and provided with studs or lugs 23, the disk 27, having slots 28, the face-plate 24, having the wrist-pin 25,.the pitman or pump rod 26, the brake-clamp 29, formed in two parts 30 and provided with spring-casings 31, lips 32, springs 33, and set-screws 34, the stop-bolt or dog 37, a weighted lever for rais ing the same, and a trigger or trip for holding and releasing it, substantially as described.

11. A windmill provided with the cap-piece 1, the turn-table 2, the arched frame 35, having the vertical bearing 36 formed with the slot 41, the wind-wheel 7 provided with the tilting sections, the tubular shaft 5, the inner shaft 16, the hub or spider 17, the rods 18, spring-rods I21, the disk 22, arranged upon the inner end of said tubular shaft and pro- IOO IIO

vided with the studs or lugs 2:3, the fawe-lgvlzneA arm 4S, the lever 39, having Weight 40, and ro 24, having wrist-pin 25,1;he pitnia'n or pump the cord or Wire 43, substantially as derod 26, the disk 27, having slots 2S for said scribed.

studs or lugs, the brake-clamp 29, having In testimony Whereo'fIafixmysignaturein projecting lugs 32 and slotted casings 31, presence of two Witnesses.

screws 34, and springs 33, the stop-bolt 37, JOHN VOLKE. having vertical slot 42 and beveled notch 4:9, Tit-n esses: the trigger or trip 44C, having the front DAN. E. PIERSON,

Weighted arm 45, catch or lip 47, and rea-1- JoHN F. CLARK. 

